The more important someone's rank in society was, the bigger the obligations became and thus, the responsibility increased.
Mesopotamia was a region between the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates where the swing of world's first civilization emerged. Various cultures occupied the region and were brought together solely by their customs and religion. Trade came in as the result of agriculture, it brought prosperity and urbanization. The rise of cities led to economic and political developments, one city being conquered by another until the establishment of the first Mesopotamian empire by Sargon that lasted about 150 years until outside powers such as the Hittites (who raided Babylon) gained control over some areas. During the Middle Bronze Age, the Assyrians conquered much of Mesopotamia and, with the rise of the Babylonian dynasty, trade was once again favoured and brought along warfare.
The Alexandrian Empire was favoured by a number of its king's dispositions: that his soldiers would marry women of "alien" culture, that the gods of other cultures would be respected, and so on. He encouraged commerce and learning along with every military conquer. He added Greece about 2.2 million square miles with his invasions and conquers.
One of the reasons Rome was able to emerge as a city of power is that its position, only a few miles off sea, foregrounded trade and enabled the assimilation of Greek's advanced civilization. The Roman Empire was a consequence of war with Octavian's (later Augustus) victory over Mark Antony. The Empire embodied elements of different cultures, from Greek to Jewish and Babylonian, as well as other eastern civilizations. Augustus innovated a basic administrative structure of the empire and controlled such issues as grain distribution and water supply.
The Han dynasty was founded by Liu Bang and lasted, with an interruption, about four centuries. It was again an act of conquest, with the former winning over Xiang Yu the Battle of Gaixia. New laws were reinforced, along with tax reductions and social reforms. Military actions were taken by other later Chinese emperors who sought to base the structure of the empire...
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